Do Diapers Have Chemicals That Are Dangerous to Baby Health? (2024)

Why Are Babies So Vulnerable to Environmental Chemicals?

Give your child a head start toward a healthy lifestyle by minimizing their exposures to harmful chemicals. Many babies go through what scientists describe as “mini puberty [1].”

Mini-puberty is a normal stage that happens in babies when they're just 1-6 months of age. During this defining time of a baby's growth, their body briefly increases the production of hormones that are usually associated with puberty. This is because important hormonal pathways are developing at a fast pace.

These formative years are an especially vulnerable period for babies. Exposure to environmental chemicals, particularly endocrine disruptors found in some diapers and baby care products, can potentially interfere with this delicate hormonal process. This interference could potentially lead to long-term effects on reproductive development and function.

Why Diaper Exposure is Particularly Concerning

Environmental chemicals are the cause of up to 70% of disease cases in the world, with genetics accounting for just 30% of them [2]. Diapers are a significant part of a baby’s environment. Let’s take a closer look at why!

Prolonged Contact with Sensitive Areas

For the first few years of their lives, babies wear diapers for extended periods, often 24 hours a day. This constant contact means that any potentially harmful substances in the diaper are in prolonged contact with the baby's delicate skin.

The skin in the diaper area is especially thin and sensitive. These areas are more susceptible to irritation and absorption of chemicals.

Warm, Moist Environment

A good swaddle looks super cozy. However, being tucked up like a bug in a rug can also bug the bum of your little one.

The diaper area creates a warm and moist microclimate, which can promote the absorption of chemicals through the skin [3]. This environment can also encourage the growth of bacteria and yeast, potentially leading to infections if proper care isn't taken.

High Absorption Rate of Genitals

We all want to wrap our babies in love and protection. It's important to understand that our little ones' most delicate areas need extra special care.

The genital region of a baby is incredibly sensitive. It has very few thin layers of skin compared to other parts of the body. This allows for flexibility and comfort. However, this also means that the skin is like a sponge.

Skin in the genital area can easily absorb whatever it comes into contact with, including harmful chemicals in diapers. Some of these chemicals, known as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), can potentially affect not just our children but future generations, too [4].

Over the past few decades, as we've increased our use of conventional diapers, we've also seen a decline in fertility rates in many parts of the world. While there are many factors at play, it's worth considering the role that chemicals in diapers might have.

Frequent Use Throughout Early Childhood

Babies are cute, but they can sure make a mess! It’s estimated that babies use around 3,000 diapers in their first year alone [5]. This number climbs to around 6,000-7,000 by the time a child is fully potty trained, which typically occurs between ages 2-3.

As we’ve mentioned, children go through a mini-puberty during this time. However, this development could face some obstacles due to the constant use of diapers.

Even small amounts of certain chemicals could potentially interfere with these delicate developmental processes. That's why it's so important for us, as parents and caregivers, to be mindful of what we're putting against our babies' skin daily. By making informed choices about the diapers we use, we can help minimize any potential risks during this crucial stage of our children's lives.

Toxic Chemicals In Diapers

It’s in our parental instinct to protect our children from danger. With the proper knowledge, you can give them even more support by reducing their exposure to harmful chemicals in diapers. Here are some of the most common dangerous chemicals in diapers and their potential health effects. With this information, you will understand what to avoid and why so that you can start making the plans you need for alternative diaper care.

Polypropylene (PP) and Polyethylene (PE)

When you think of diapers, do you imagine big, puffy white clouds? Conventional diapers get their appearance from Polypropylene (PP) and Polyethylene (PE).

These plastic polymers form the backbone of disposable diapers. They are used to create the inner topsheet, outer backsheet, leg cuffs, and closing system.

While PP and PE provide the necessary waterproof barrier, these materials don't biodegrade easily. Also, they may cause skin irritation.

As the baby moves throughout the day, it can cause wear and tear on the materials. This can cause PP and PE to release microplastics, which the baby can absorb through their skin.

Microplastics

Microplastics are a big deal to the health of little babies. These tiny plastic particles can be shed from the diaper materials, potentially entering the baby's skin or the environment.

One study examined the presence of microplastics, specifically polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polycarbonate (PC), in the feces of infants and adults. The research found that infants had significantly higher levels of these microplastics in their stool compared to adults, with concentrations ranging from 5,700 to 82,000 nanograms per gram for PET [6].

Long-term health effects of microplastic exposure are still being studied. However, there are concerns about their ability to absorb other toxic chemicals.

Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP)

Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) is the magic behind a diaper's impressive absorbency. It’s capable of soaking up 400 to 600 times its weight in liquid [7].

While it's generally considered safe, some babies may experience allergic reactions. There are also environmental concerns about its slow degradation and potential to absorb other harmful chemicals in landfills.

Pesticide Residues

Diapers are primarily made from a combination of materials, with cellulose being a key component for absorption. Cellulose is derived from plants, particularly wood pulp, and serves as the absorbent core of the diaper.

This fluff pulp quickly absorbs liquids and helps transfer moisture away from the baby's skin to keep it dry. However, trace amounts of pesticides can sometimes be found in diapers due to their use in growing plants for cellulose.

While these pesticide levels are typically low, repeated exposure to even small amounts may pose health risks. These concerns are especially true for developing infants who have more sensitive systems.

Bisphenols

Bisphenols, particularly Bisphenol-A (BPA), are chemicals commonly found in various plastic products, including some disposable diapers. These substances are used in the manufacturing of plastics due to their ability to enhance durability and flexibility.

However, the presence of BPA in diapers raises significant health concerns, especially for infants who have thinner and more permeable skin. Research indicates that BPA is an endocrine disruptor, which means it can interfere with hormone function and potentially lead to developmental issues in children [8].

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

Volatile Organic Compounds, or VOCs, are a group of chemicals that can easily evaporate into the air at room temperature. They are commonly found in many everyday products, including paints, cleaning supplies, and even some types of diapers.

In the manufacturing process of diapers, VOCs like toluene, xylene, and ethylbenzene can be present. Their presence is either from the materials used or as by-products.

These chemicals can escape into the air or be absorbed through the skin, which is concerning for babies who have sensitive skin and are more vulnerable to exposure. Exposure to VOCs can lead to various health issues, especially for infants.

Short-term effects of VOCs may include respiratory irritation and headaches, while long-term exposure could potentially harm the liver, kidneys, or central nervous system [9]. Since babies often wear diapers for extended periods, it’s important for parents to be aware of the potential risks associated with VOCs in these products. Choosing low-tox or organic diaper options can help minimize these risks and create a healthier environment for your little one.

Chlorine

Many people associate the white of diapers with purity. However, it's also an indicator that your baby is being exposed to chlorine.

Chlorine is commonly used in diaper production as a bleaching agent to whiten the diaper materials. Specifically, elemental chlorine-free (ECF) bleaching is often employed, which uses a chlorine derivative instead of pure chlorine gas.

While this process is intended to reduce the formation of harmful byproducts, it can still result in the release of trace amounts of dioxins [10].

Dioxins and Furans

These toxic chemicals can be byproducts of the bleaching process used on diaper materials. Even in small amounts, dioxins and furans are concerning due to their potential to accumulate in the body over time. They've been linked to cancer, reproductive issues, and developmental problems [11].

Phthalates

No scents make sense, especially for baby care. Phthalates are chemicals that are often added to fragrances used in diapers to mask foul odors.

These chemicals are also used in plastics to increase flexibility. They are included in some diapers to help with the movability of these bottoms. Also, phthalates can be found in the waterproof outer layer or adhesives of diapers.

Phthalates are known endocrine disruptors. They have been linked to developmental issues, reproductive problems, and increased risk of allergies and asthma [12].

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of organic compounds made up of multiple fused benzene rings. They are produced during incomplete combustion processes, such as burning fossil fuels, wood, or waste.

PAHs can be found in various everyday products, including diapers, as a result of the manufacturing process. These compounds are concerning because they have been linked to serious health issues, including cancer, developmental delays, and immune system suppression.

Formaldehyde

Formaldehyde in diapers? This chemical is sometimes used as an antibacterial agent in baby products. It can also be a byproduct of other chemicals in diapers.

Formaldehyde is a known carcinogen. It can also cause skin irritation and allergic reactions in some babies. Long-term exposure has been linked to respiratory issues and other health problems [13].

How to Avoid Toxic Chemicals In Diapers

To minimize your baby's exposure to toxic chemicals in diapers, it's essential to be an informed consumer and make thoughtful choices. Look for brands that are transparent about their materials and manufacturing processes.

Start by selecting diapers labeled as:

• Chlorine-free
• Fragrance-free
• Dye-free

Seeing these distinctions on the packaging could indicate that these diapers are less likely to contain harmful chemicals, like dioxins, phthalates, and artificial fragrances.

Keep an eye out for third-party certifications, such as GOTS (Global Organic Textile Standard) or OEKO-TEX. These certifications ensure stricter standards for chemical use.

Consider exploring eco-friendly disposable options made from renewable resources like wood pulp, organic cotton, or other natural materials.

These diapers often have a reduced chemical footprint compared to traditional disposables. However, the most effective way to avoid toxic chemicals is to switch to cloth diapers made from organic, natural fibers such as cotton, bamboo, or hemp.

Remember, no diaper option is entirely chemical-free. However, by being mindful of materials, certifications, and brand transparency, you can significantly reduce your baby's exposure to harmful substances.

Low-Tox Disposable Diapers

As parents, we want to pass on our best traits to our little ones, not harmful chemicals. The good news is that there are some great low-toxin disposable diaper options out there!

EWG-verified diapers are a fantastic choice for those who are uncertain about non-toxic diaper shopping. Brands like Attitude and Healthybaby have been vetted to ensure they're not created with common harmful chemicals of concern.

With that said, we still highly recommend purchasing reusable cloth diapers made from organic, GOTS-certified materials. You will save a lot of money on diapers each year and protect your baby from harmful chemicals.

Remember, every small step you take to reduce your baby's exposure to potentially harmful chemicals makes a difference. By choosing safer diaper options, you're not just protecting your little one now but potentially influencing the health of future generations too.

Test Yourself for BPA and Phthalates During Preconception

As parents-to-be, we all want to give our little ones the very best start in life. We dream of passing down our best traits - maybe your partner's sparkling eyes or your infectious laugh. But what we don't want to pass along are the toxic chemicals that have found their way into our bodies.

Did you know that chemicals like BPA and phthalates can potentially impact not just your future baby but even future generations? Head into this remarkable chapter in your life with as much knowledge as possible.

The best way to understand your exposure to these chemicals is to test yourself. That's where Million Marker's Detect & Detox Test kit comes in. Our is designed to help you on your journey to a healthier you and a healthier future family.

The first test helps you identify your current levels of exposure to BPA, phthalates, and other harmful chemicals. Armed with this information, you can make informed choices about your environment and lifestyle. Then, after you've made some changes, the second test allows you to track your progress in eliminating these chemicals from your body.

It's like a roadmap for your preconception health journey. By taking these steps now, you're not just preparing your body for pregnancy, but you're potentially influencing the health of generations to come!

Are Diapers Safe for Babies?

While diapers are a convenient solution for keeping our little ones clean and dry, many conventional options may contain chemicals that could be harmful to their health. Studies have raised concerns about the presence of substances like dioxins, phthalates, and PAHs in diapers, among other toxic chemicals. Given that babies typically wear around 2,500 diapers in their first year alone, limiting diaper use can help reduce their exposure to these potentially harmful chemicals.

Fortunately, there are safer alternatives available. Cloth diapers made from organic materials are a great option for parents looking to minimize chemical exposure. Additionally, brands like Attitude and Healthybaby offer low-tox disposable diaper choices that have been verified for safety.

Ultimately, you have the power to make informed decisions about your baby's diapering routine. By choosing safer products and being mindful of how often diapers are used, you can help protect your child's health while still enjoying the convenience that diapers provide. Remember, every small step you take contributes to a healthier future for your little one!

Resources

[1] https://karger.com/hrp/article/93/2/76/167199/Minipuberty-Why-Does-it-Happen
[2] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8958065/
[3] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5574741/
[4] https://academic.oup.com/endo/article/160/6/1421/5473530
[5] https://www.healthline.com/health/baby/how-many-newborn-diapers-do-i-need#diapers-by-size-and-age
[6] https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.estlett.1c00559
[7] https://m2polymer.com/2019/02/history-of-super-absorbent-polymer-chemistry
[8] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0960076011001063
[9] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0045653522039820
[10] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653519316078
[11] https://epawebapp.epa.ie/licences/lic_eDMS/090151b28007b07c.pdf
[12] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412020305493
[13] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK597630/